What is the purpose of a wetland buffer zone?

The purpose of a wetland buffer zone is fundamentally linked to the protection of water quality. A wetland buffer zone is the area surrounding a wetland that plays a crucial role in filtering pollutants and sediment before they can enter the wetland itself. This zone acts as a natural barrier, absorbing excess nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus that can come from agricultural runoff, urban development, and other anthropogenic sources. By doing so, it helps to maintain the ecological integrity of the wetland, which in turn supports diverse plant and animal populations and contributes to healthy ecosystems.

While buffer zones may incidentally provide functions such as storing excess water or offering recreational spaces, their primary and most critical purpose is to safeguard the water quality of wetlands. This conservation is essential for preserving the welfare of aquatic habitats and is a key component of environmental management and planning efforts.